How do I Install Telephone Wiring?我该如何安装电话线路？
Telephone wiring is not complex to work with and is very safe, due to the low voltages involved.电话线路并不复杂的工作，是非常安全的，因为低电压。
The most complex part of installing telephone wiring is complying with the defined standards in place for telephone wiring.最复杂的部分安装电话布线，是符合有关界定标准的地方电话线路。
The main difficulty with telephone wiring standards is that there are so many of them.主要的困难与电话线路的标准，就是有那么他们中的许多人。
When installing additional telephone wiring into an existing facility, it is usually best to determine which telephone wiring standard is currently in use and conform to that standard.当安装额外的电话线路到一个现有的设施，它通常是最好的，以确定哪些电话线路的标准是目前使用的，符合该标准。
When installing telephone wiring into a new facility, EIA/TIA T586A is the standard to utilize.当安装电话线路到一个新的设施，环境影响评估/ TIA的t586a是标准的利用。
How the Wire Gets Into Your Residence如何电线进入你的居住地
Historically, the telephone companies ran telephone wire above ground, using telephone poles to make wire issues easy to repair, and inconvenient for the general population to access.在历史上，电话公司冉电话线在地面上，用电话极点，使导线的问题，容易修理，并不方便一般民众进入。 The wire itself is sources at a telephone company, or telco, central office, and goes through various paths to get into the general vicinity of your home.电线本身就是源在电话公司或电信公司，中央办公室，并通过各种途径进入普通附近的家里。
Above Ground Wiring地上线路
In older neighborhoods (1970s and earlier in the US) and areas that have a high water table, the telephone wiring is most likely going to be above ground.在旧街区（ 20世纪70年代和更早在美国）和地区，有很高的水床，电话线路，是最有可能会被地面以上。 There will be one or more telephone poles in easement areas in the neighborhood that distribute phone service wire pairs to residences using an aerial method of connection.将有一个或一个以上的电话波兰人在地役权范围内，居委会发放电话服务线对到官邸使用空中方法连接。 A breakout box is attached to the pole with the main services lines for the area entering in one side, and residential lines running out of the other side.突破箱挂接到极点与主要服务线路为该区进入在一边，把住宅电话线失控的另一边。 Wires are then ran from the breakout boxes to each neighborhood residence.电线，然后冉从突围箱，以每个居委会居住地。
Underground Wiring地下线路
Most modern neighborhoods have telephone wiring run underground in the United States today.最现代化的街区有电话线路于地下，在今天的美国。 During the neighborhood build out, before building of homes is commenced, breakout boxes are installed in geographically logical points in the neighborhood, and then lines are trenched back to the primary distribution can for your neighborhood, and to each property nearby.在居委会建立了，以前建设的住房已开始，突围，接线盒是安装在地理上的逻辑点，在居委会，然后线路trenched回到初次分配中，可以为你的邻居，并以每财产附近。 Since homes have yet to be built the wiring is merely a stub, and may need to be extended to the home once the house is built at the owner's expense.由于家中尚有待建线路只是一个存根，并可能需要扩大到家庭，一旦房子是建在由车主负担。
The Residential Network Interface Device住宅网络接口设备
Regardless of how the wire is run to your house, the wire terminates on a Network Interface Device, or NID, which is screwed to your home.不论如何线材来说，以你的房子，电线终止于一个网络接口设备的，或者国家免疫日，这是拧到您家。 This device is a gray or tan box about eight inches wide and twelve inches long with a door or doors concealing two compartments.这个装置是一个灰色或谭票房约8英寸宽和12英寸长的一个门户或车门隐瞒两舱。 Access to the customer compartment has a simple slot headed screw for customer access.接入客户间有一个简单的插槽为首的螺钉，为用户接入。 Access to the telco compartment is controlled by the use of a specialized screw head.进入电信间内控制使用一个专门的螺钉头。 You can open the customer access compartment of the NID to check your lines for dial tone, check wiring connections inside the NID, and to trace lines coming out of the NID into your home.您可以打开客户接隔间的全国免疫日，以检查你的线路拨号音，检查线路连接内的全国免疫日，并追查路线走出来的全国免疫日到您家。 There is no necessity to open the telco compartment of the NID, since if there is a wiring fault between your house and the central office, you won't be able to repair it.有没有必要开放电信间的全国免疫日，因为如果有一个线路故障之间你的房子和中心办公室，你将不能够修复它。 Most NIDs can handle up to 5 different lines.大多数网络入侵检测系统可处理多达5种不同的线路。
The telephone line from the pole or breakout box goes into the telco compartment and exits through the customer compartment.电话线从北极或盒式进入电信隔间及出入口通过顾客间。
If you have only one telephone line, and there has been no maintenance on your line for a long while, you may have a box which is a predecessor to the NID.如果你只有一条电话线，并一直存在，并没有维修使用你的电话线路在相当长的同时，你可以有一个方框，这是前任向全国免疫日。 This box is simply a plastic or metal cover which is screwed over a telephone wiring box to protect it from the elements and animals.这个盒子只是一个塑料或金属盖板，是拧过一个电话接线盒，以保护它从分子和动物。 At no cost, the telephone company will come out and replace your old box with a new NID if there is time and available equipment, and you demonstrate a need, such as a method to test for dial tone.在任何费用，电话公司会站出来，并取代旧的包装盒与一个新的全国免疫日，如果有时间和现有装备，而且你证明有需要，例如作为一种方法，以检测拨号音。 Sometimes, phone company technicians will leave this original box in place, and just install a NID between this box and the wiring running to the pole or breakout box.有时候，电话公司技术人员将离开这个原包装盒不到位，只安装一个国家免疫日之间的这一盒和接线运行到北极或盒子。 There is no need to be concerned about this, as it usually has negligible effect to your phone service.有没有必要关心这个，因为它通常是微不足道的影响到您的电话服务。
Testing Your Phone Lines测试你的电话线
Always use a previously tested corded phone for phone line testing.始终用一个先前测试有线电话的电话线测试。 This is the only way you can be sure that you are testing only the phone line themselves and not issues with your phone itself.这是唯一的办法，你可以肯定的是，你正在测试，只有电话线本身并没有问题，你的手机本身。 If you are unsure that your test phone is functional, take it over to a neighbor or family members home, and test it with a known good phone line.如果你不能确定你的测试手机是功能性，是否可以给一个邻居或家庭成员的家，并测试它与一个已知的好电话线。 If you have dial tone, your phone is usable for a line test.如果你有拨号音，你的手机是可用的一个在线测试。
First Just Pick Up the Phone首先刚拿起电话
When the telephone company initially installed your phone line into your home, they should have provided you with at least one phone jack to connect a telephone to.当电话公司最初安装了你的电话线，进入你的家，他们应该有您提供至少一个电话插口连接电话。 The easiest phone service test, is to merely plug a phone into this jack with the proper wire, take the phone off of the hook, and listen for dial tone.最简单的电话服务试验中，仅堵塞一个电话到这个杰克与正当铁丝网，以电话小康的钩，并收听拨号音。 If you can't figure out how to take your phone off the hook, consult your phone manual.如果你不能想出如何以你的手机摆脱困境，征询您的手机说明书。
No Dial Tone没有拨号音
If you don't get a dial tone when you take your phone off the hook, you probably have a phone line problem.如果你没有得到拨号音，当你做你的手机摆脱困境，你可能有一条电话线的问题。 If you have multiple jacks in your home, test each one to verify which jacks work, and which ones don't.如果您有多个插座，在你的家中，测试每一个核实，其中千斤顶的工作，哪些可没有这样的规定。 If some of the jacks are functional and others aren't, the wiring fault is between the NID and those specific jacks in your home.如果部分的千斤顶是功能和别人没有，线路故障，是关系国家免疫日和这些具体一脚踢在你家。 The phone company may be willing to help you with these problems, but they may charge you for the repair.电话公司可能愿意帮你解决这些问题，但是他们可能会向您收取用于修理。 Read more on how to repair these problems in the "Repair" sections below.阅读更多关于如何修复这些问题，在"修理"的章节如下。 If none of the jacks in your home are working, you need to test your phone lines at the NID.如果没有这个插孔在家里工作，你需要测试你的电话线，在全国免疫日。
Testing at the NID测试时的全国免疫日
When you open the customer compartment of your NID, you will notice that there is a line a phone jacks lined up, usually vertically.当你打开客户间的你的国家免疫日，你会发现其中有一个A线电话插座列队，通常直立起来。 For each phone line installed in your house, there will be a phone jack with a line plugged into it.对于每一条电话线安装在你的房子，有一个电话插口与线插入到它。 Don't worry if you have jacks that have no line plugged into them, it may be that there was a second line to your home at one time, that the wiring box was faulty, or that they just installed more than one wiring box and jack as a standard install.别担心，如果你有千斤顶都没有做线插入到他们的，它可能有一个二线你家在同一时间，接线盒是错误的，或者他们只安装了一个以上的接线盒和杰克作为标准安装。 If you have more than one line, labels on the NID lid should tell you which jack is associated with which phone line or number.如果你有一个以上的线，标签上盖子安居应该告诉你哪个杰克，是与哪一个电话线或号码。 If they don't you will just have to try them all until you find the one you want to test.如果他们不，你将不得不都试试，直到找到一个你想要的考验。 To test, you need to disconnect the line from the jack, and plug your corded phone into it.测试时，您需要断开线从插口，并堵塞你的有线电话到它。 This will disconnect the line from the jacks in your house, so don't panic if you lose dial tone inside.这将断开线从插座在你的房子，所以不必恐慌，如果你输拨号音内。 If you have dial tone when you hook up your phone, the wiring fault is in your house.如果你有拨号音当你钩了你的电话，线路故障是在你的房子。 If you don't then you must call the phone company for repair, there is nothing further you can do to fix the problem.如果你没有那么你必须拨打电话公司修理，有没有什么可以再您可以做些什么来解决这个问题。
Sometimes the Wire Colors Don't Match有时导线的颜色不匹配
Many phone companies have updated their color standards due to the use of Cat 5 cable for most phone line installs, and to keep residential and business installs in line with each other.许多电话公司已经更新了它们的颜色标准，是因为使用的猫五日电缆大部分电话线路安装，并保持住宅和商业安装符合对方。 In this new standard, there is no green, red, black or yellow wires, they have been replaced by white/blue, blue/white, white/orange, and orange/white.在这一新的标准，没有绿色，红色，黑色或黄色的丝，他们已经取代白/蓝，蓝/白，白/橙，橙/白。 To know how to identify the wire color is a simple matter.要知道如何辨别电线颜色是一件简单的事。 The wire is going to be primarily one color, with small stripes of a secondary color on it.金属丝去主要是一种色彩，与小条纹的一所中学的颜色而已。 If the wire is primarily orange with white stripes then that color is orange/white.如果导线主要是橙与白色的条纹，那颜色是橙/白。 The following simple table will help you understand what colors match.以下简单的表将帮助您了解什么颜色匹配。 The NID labels will most likely have the old coloring scheme on them, and most telephone wiring components you can purchase will still reflect the original colors.全国免疫日的标签，将最有可能在旧着色计划对他们的，大部分电话线路组件，你可以购买还是会反映原有的色彩。
| Function功能 | New Color新的色彩 | Old Color老色 |
|---|---|---|
| Tip 1提示1 | Green绿色 | White/Blue白/蓝 |
| Ring 1环一日 | Red红色 | Blue/White蓝/白 |
| Tip 2提示2 | Black黑色 | White/Orange白/橙 |
| Ring 2环二 | Yellow黄河 | Orange/White橙/白 |
New Telephone Jacks in Your Home新的电话插孔在你家
Installing new telephone jacks in your home is really pretty simple, but there are some tools and basic hardware you will need to perform the install:安装新的电话插孔在你家，实在是相当简单，但也有一些工具和基本硬件，你需要履行安装：
Tools:工具：
- Drill演练
- Drill bits钻头
- Flathead Screwdriver flathead螺丝刀
- Fish tape鱼磁带
- Cable Test Equipment电缆测试设备
It is almost always best to use a cordless drill for these kinds of installs because its most likely you will want to drill the holes in a remote place.它几乎总是最好使用无绳演练，为这些种安装，因为它最有可能你会想钻洞，在一个偏僻的地方。 A 18V or better variant generally will give you enough power to drill through masonry and thick wood boards. 1 18伏特或更高的变异通常会给你足够的力量去钻通砌石和厚木板。 You will need the drill if you are running new lines between house floors or if you want to conceal most of the wiring in the wall, or through crawlspaces or attics.您将需要演练，如果您正在运行的新铁路线之间的住宅楼板或者，如果您想隐瞒大部分的布线在墙上，或通过crawlspaces或阁楼里。 You can pick these items up at any hardware store starting at about $30.你可以选择这些项目在任何硬体店出发约30元。
Pick an appropriate drill bit for the job.挑选一个合适的钻头来负责这项工作。 If you are drilling through brick or stone, buy a masonry bit, otherwise a wood bit usually works well.如果你是通过钻砖或石材，买砖石位，否则木材位通常是行之有效的。 You may want to use a pilot bit, a smaller drill bit that is less of a challenge to drill straight with, for areas that have restricted space or if you are drilling through rough materials.你可能要使用一个试点位，一所规模较小的钻头，即较少的一个挑战，以钻直，为地区有限制的空间或如果你是通过钻探粗糙材料。 If you have any questions about which drill bits you should use, ask your local hardware store associate.如果您有任何疑问，其中钻头，你应该使用，请与您当地的硬件商店协理。 Wear eye protection when drilling!戴上保护眼睛的时候，钻！
All wiring blocks use slotted screws for the wire connections and for the jack box mounts.所有接线座利用开槽螺钉导线连接，并为杰克框架。 You may have more luck with a short and stubby screwdriver, as you may want to put the jacks in locations that aren't in normal visible locations.你可能有更多的运气与短距离stubby螺丝刀，因为你可能想要把千斤顶地点都是不正常的有形地点。 You can pick up a flathead screwdriver at any hardware store and in most department and discount stores.你可以挑选一件flathead螺丝刀在任何五金行，而且在大多数部门和折扣商店。 Depending on the style, quality and types of screwdrivers you want you can pay as little as $1 for a single screwdriver, and well over $100 for a professional set.根据风格，品质和种类的螺丝刀你想你可以支付少1元，为一个单一的螺丝起子，并远远超过100元的专业设置。
You will need a fish tape if you want to run your wiring through walls, or into attics and crawl spaces.你需要一个鱼磁带，如果你要运行你的电线透过墙壁，或到阁楼和爬行位。 A fish tape is really a godsend for a wiring project, if you already have finished walls in your home.一条鱼磁带实在是一个天赐良机一个接线项目，如果你已经有了成品墙壁在你家。 Hard Freight Tools carries different length fish tapes for a reasonable price.硬货运工具进行不同长度的鱼录音带为一个合理的价格。 You can buy one online here or you can visit one of their local stores and pick it up for the same price.你可以购买一个网上这里或者你可以访问他们的一个地方的商店和扒窃的，它为同一价格。
If you have installed your new jack and don't get dial tone, you will need something to test your lines.如果你已经安装了你的新杰克，但没有得到拨号音，你需要的东西，以测试你的线路。 There are a few different methods to do this.有几种不同的方法来做到这一点。 We will cover these items in the repair section later in this article.我们将涵盖这些项目在修复科稍后在这篇文章。
Hardware硬件
Most hardware stores, electronics stores, and many grocery and department stores will have the items you are going to need to complete your install.大多数五金商店，电子商店，并从很多杂货店和百货公司将有两个项目，你将需要完成你的安装。 Although components may be a little more expensive at the hardware store, you may want to purchase your items there as there will be a larger selection, and you can ensure you get the exact components and wire lengths you will need.虽然成分可能会多一点，在昂贵的硬件商店，你可能想购买您的物品，因此，将会有更大的选择，你可以确保您获得的确切成分及线材长度，你需要。
- Modular jack boxes with wiring box模组插座盒与接线盒
- Four, six or eight strand telephone wire四， 6个或8个钢绞线电话线
Modular jack boxes come in two variants, with a wiring box and without one.接口箱来，在两个变种，一个接线盒，并没有一个。 If you are installing an entirely new jack, you will want the jack box with the wiring box.如果你正在安装一个全新的杰克，你会希望杰克盒与接线盒。 You would only need a jack box without a wiring box if you are replacing a jack box that has been damaged, but the wiring box inside is still intact.你只需要一个千斤顶盒无接线盒，如果你正在取代一个千斤顶盒已经破损，但接线盒内部可以说是依然完好无损。 There are both four and six contact modular jacks available.同时有4个和6个联系模块化插座。 Make sure you buy a four contact modular jack unless you have a special reason for buying a six contact modular jack.确保你购买了4个联络模块化插孔，除非你有一个特殊的原因，购买6个联络模块化插孔。 You will need one jack box for each new jack you want to install.你需要一个杰克票房为每一个新的杰克，你想安装的。
You should buy four wire flat silver satin telephone wire for any new jacks you are running in your home.您应购买4扁线银缎电话线，为任何新的千斤顶您正在运行在你家。 You may save a little money if you just buy the individual wires without the silver sheath, but in the long run, having the sheath will save you time and frustration.你可以节省一点钱，如果你只是购买个别电线无银鞘，但长远来说，具有叶鞘会为您节省时间和沮丧。 Its flexible, can easily be stripped off in locations that require it, and it will keep the wires together so you can easily fish the wire where you need it to go.其灵活，可以很容易被剥去地点需要它，它会不断电线在一起，让您轻松鱼铁丝网您所需要的路要走。
If you have more than two lines in your home and you want to place jacks for all of them in the same location, six or eight conductor telephone wire can be used as well, just keep in mind that there are three pairs of wire, a blue pair, an orange pair, and a green pair in six conductor wire.如果你有两个以上的线，在你家和你想要的地方，千斤顶，为它们都在同一地点， 6个或8个指挥家的电话线，可作为良好，只是要记住，有3双线，一个一双蓝，橙一双，和一个绿色一双在六个导体线材。 Eight conductor wire has the same wiring colors as the six conductor, it just adds a brown pair for the last pair.八导体导线具有相同的布线颜色为6个导体，它只是增加了一个棕色俩进行了最后一双。 As long as you ensure you keep the same wires connected to the proper posts on the wiring block, you shouldn't have a problem.只要你确保你保持相同的导线连接到适当的岗位上接线座，你应该不会有问题。
Always Have a Corded Phone for Emergencies始终有一个有线电话，为紧急情况
Remember that you may need to plug your phone or phone base into house power if you have a cordless phone, a phone with an integrated answering machine, or some other capability.记住，你可能需要插入你的电话或行动电话基站，成为众议院的权力，如果你有一个无绳电话，一个电话和一个整合的留言机，或其他一些能力。 Standard corded phones receive all necessary power over the phone line itself, so no additional power is required.标准的有线电话获得一切必要的权力，通过电话线本身，所以没有额外的电力需要。 It is always a good plan to have a corded phone in your residence just in case your other devices have issues, or for use in emergencies when your house power is out.它始终是一个好的计划，有一个有线电话，在你的居住地就在你的情况其它设备有问题，或用作紧急情况时，你的房子权力。
General Reference Information一般参考信息
The information following may help you understand the standards and wire plans in your home.信息以下可帮助您了解标准和线材计划在你家。 They are merely reference materials to assist you in your planning and diagnostics.他们只是参考资料，以协助您规划和诊断等功能。
The Christmas and Halloween Standard for Telephone Wiring圣诞节和万圣节标准电话线路
Many existing homes have only 2 pair (4 wire) telephone wiring.许多现有的住房只有2对（四线）的电话线路。
The first telephone line is connected to the Christmas pair.第一个电话线连接到圣诞节一双。 This wire pair is called the Christmas pair because one wire is Green and the other wire is Red.这丝一双，是被称为圣诞一双，因为一条电线是绿色，并有其他电线是红色。
In the Christmas pair, the Green wire is Tip and the Red wire is Ring.在圣诞节一双，绿线是TIP和红色丝戒指。
The second telephone line is connected to the Halloween pair.第二个电话线连接到万圣节一双。 This wire pair is called the Halloween pair because one wire is Black and the other wire is Yellow.这丝一双，是被称为万圣节一双，因为一条电线是黑人和其他电线是黄色。
In the Halloween pair, the Black wire is Tip and the Yellow wire is Ring.在万圣节一双，黑色金属丝尖端和黄色丝戒指。
The EIA/TIA 568B Standard for Telephone Wiring环评/ TIA的568b标准电话线路
| Pin (Jack)针（杰克） | Pin (Plug)针（插头） | Color彩色 | Pair一双 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1一 | 8八 | White/Orange白/橙 | Tip 2提示2 |
| 2二 | 7七日 | Orange橙 | Ring 2环二 |
| 3三 | 6六 | White/Green白/绿 | Tip 3提示3 |
| 4四 | 5五 | Blue蓝 | Ring 1环一日 |
| 5五 | 4四 | White/Blue白/蓝 | Tip 1提示1 |
| 6六 | 3三 | Green绿色 | Ring 3环三 |
| 7七日 | 2二 | White Brown白布朗 | Tip 4提示4 |
| 8八 | 1一 | Brown布朗 | Ring 4环4 |
The EIA/TIA 568A Standard for Telephone Wiring环评/ TIA的568a标准电话线路
| Pin (Jack)针（杰克） | Pin (Plug)针（插头） | Color彩色 | Pair一双 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1一 | 8八 | White/Green白/绿 | Tip 3提示3 |
| 2二 | 7七日 | Green绿色 | Ring 3环三 |
| 3三 | 6六 | White/Orange白/橙 | Tip 2提示2 |
| 4四 | 5五 | Blue蓝 | Ring 1环一日 |
| 5五 | 4四 | White/Blue白/蓝 | Tip 1提示1 |
| 6六 | 3三 | Orange橙 | Ring 2环二 |
| 7七日 | 2二 | White Brown白布朗 | Tip 4提示4 |
| 8八 | 1一 | Brown布朗 | Ring 4环4 |
The USOC (Universal Service Order Code) 8 Wire Standard for Telephone Wiring纳迭罗（通用服务令典） 8线标准电话线路
| Pin (Jack)针（杰克） | Pin (Plug)针（插头） | Color彩色 | Pair一双 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1一 | 8八 | White/Brown白/褐色 | Tip 4提示4 |
| 2二 | 7七日 | White/Green白/绿 | Tip 3提示3 |
| 3三 | 6六 | White/Orange白/橙 | Tip 2提示2 |
| 4四 | 5五 | Blue蓝 | Ring 1环一日 |
| 5五 | 4四 | White/Blue白/蓝 | Tip 1提示1 |
| 6六 | 3三 | Orange橙 | Ring 2环二 |
| 7七日 | 2二 | Green绿色 | Ring 3环三 |
| 8八 | 1一 | Brown布朗 | Ring 4环4 |
The USOC (Universal Service Order Code) 6 Wire Standard for Telephone Wiring纳迭罗（通用服务令典） 6钢丝标准电话线路
| Pin (Jack)针（杰克） | Pin (Plug)针（插头） | Color彩色 | Pair一双 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1一 | 6六 | White/Green白/绿 | Tip 3提示3 |
| 2二 | 5五 | White/Orange白/橙 | Tip 2提示2 |
| 3三 | 4四 | Blue蓝 | Ring 1环一日 |
| 4四 | 3三 | White/Blue白/蓝 | Tip 1提示1 |
| 5五 | 2二 | Orange橙 | Ring 2环二 |
| 6六 | 1一 | Green绿色 | Ring 3环三 |
The 25 pair Telephone Wiring Standard 25对电话线路标准
| Pin (Jack)针（杰克） | Pin (Plug)针（插头） | Color彩色 | Pair一双 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1一 | 50 50个 | Blue/White蓝/白 | Ring 1环一日 |
| 2二 | 49 | Orange/White橙/白 | Ring 2环二 |
| 3三 | 48 48个 | Green/White绿/白 | Ring 3环三 |
| 4四 | 47 | Brown/White布朗/白 | Ring 4环4 |
| 5五 | 46 | Slate/White板岩/白 | Ring 5环五日 |
| 6六 | 45 | Blue/Red蓝/红 | Ring 6环六日 |
| 7七日 | 44 | Orange/Red橙/红 | Ring 7环七日 |
| 8八 | 43 | Green/Red绿/红 | Ring 8环八日 |
| 9九日 | 42第42 | Brown/Red布朗/红 | Ring 9九环 |
| 10 10个 | 41 | Slate/Red板岩/红 | Ring 10环十日 |