What is MPLS?

MPLS stands for Multi Protocol Label Switching. The MPLS is often referred to as the layer in between the Data Link and Network layers because of where it operates. The MPLS serves as a method to forward packets of data easily by using labels.

What are the Data Link and Network layers?

In the seven-layer OSI model, a model used to explain how a computer operates and communicates within itself. The Data Link and Network Layers are parts of this model, and correspond to the second and third layers respectively. The former allows connections such as Ethernet and wireless Local Area Networks, while the latter is analogous to Internet Protocol.

Why does it matter that MPLS lies in-between these two layers?

The MPLS forwards data that pertains to both Layer 2 applications, such as Ethernet frames, and Layer 3 applications, such as IP packets. For this reason, it is often considered to be in between the two recognized layers.

On a more technical level, the label left by the MPLS is also left in between the second and third layers of a packet of data.

What is a label?

In short, a label is a method to identify a packet of data and forward it to a destination quickly. Labels indicate a FEC that each data packet must follow.

What is a FEC?

FEC stands for Forwarding Equivalency Class. The FEC refers to a group of data packets that all should arrive at the same destination and thus are all labeled the same. Thus the FEC can be used to direct packets and are included within labels.

What are the benefits of using MPLS?

Because the MPLS allows data packets to be labeled and sent better, there are smaller problems to the network with regards to excess traffic. This allows for a greater efficiency within a network and a wider range of flexibility as to managing networks.