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How does Microsoft Word password recovery work?
Microsoft Word documents can utilize three passwords:
- Password to open
- Password to modify
- Protect document password
Password to open
The Password to open requires a user to enter a password to view the document.
When the user sets a Password to open, the entire Microsoft Word document is encrypted with the RC4 stream cipher.
Password to modify
The Password to modify requires a user to enter a password to make changes to the document.
When a user sets a Password to modify, the password is stored inside the Microsoft Word document. The password can be viewed or changed with a hex editor.
Protect document password
The Protect document password requires the user to enter a password to unprotect the document.
When a user sets a Protect document password, the 32-bit password hash is stored in the Microsoft Word document. The password hash can be viewed or changed with a hex editor.
Applying passwords in Microsoft Word
To apply a Password to open or a Password to modify to a Microsoft Word document, click <File>, <Save As>, <Tools>, <Security Options>.
If you select <Advanced Options> you can select which encryption algorithm you wish to use and what key length you wish to use with that algorithm.
Encryption algorithms supported by Microsoft Word are:
- Weak Encryption (XOR)
- Office 97/2000 Compatible
- RC4, Microsoft Base Cryptographic Provider v1.0
- RC4, Microsoft Base DSS and Diffie-Hellman Cryptographic Provider
- RC4, Microsoft DH SChannel Cryptographic Provider
- RC4, Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0
- RC4, Microsoft Enhanced DSS and Diffie-Hellman Cryptographic Provider
- RC4, Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider (Prototype)
- RC4, Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider
- RC4, Microsoft Strong Cryptographic Provider
The default is "Office 97/2000 Compatible" -- however even Microsoft states that this is not recommended!
To apply a Protect document password to a Microsoft Word document, click <Tools>, <Protect Document>.
Microsoft Word Password Recovery
It is possible simply to edit the Password to modify with a hex editor. It is also possible to edit the hash of the Protect document password.
The Password to open can be attacked with a dictionary attack or a brute force attack.
Several programs, with widely varying capabilities, are available to help you recover a lost Microsoft Word password:
- Elcomsoft Advanced Office XP Password Recovery
- AccessData Password Recovery Toolkit
- AccentSoft Word Password Recovery
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