Interferometry is a series of techniques that uses a series of superimposed electromagnetic waves to extract data and other insights regarding the waves. The device used to measure the waves is an interferometer. Interferometry is primarily used in the fields of fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, seismology, oceanography, astronomy, particle and nuclear physics, quantum …
The speed of light in MPH is 670,616,629 mph, 299,792,458 meters per second, or 186, 282 miles per second. Light takes approximately one second to travel the 238,854 miles to the moon. The speed of light is considered a physical constant that is used in many areas of physics. This is because light always travels …
A balun is an electrical transformer that is used to convert electrical signals to and from balanced and unbalanced signals. They are normally used to connect lines that have different levels of impedance and are commonly used in the home for connecting HD and traditional antennas. Baluns are also used throughout industry, although it is …
The Coriolis effect is the tendency for a moving body that is on or above the Earth’s surface to drift sideways from its intended course due to the Earth’s rotation. The direction of drift is to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. This is because the Earth’s …
Error code 80072efd often occurs when users try to update Windows Vista through the Windows Update service. Overloaded Microsoft update services or incorrect firewall settings can trigger this error. If the Microsoft server causes the error, it can be corrected within the hour. When this occurs it is typically due to unusually high demand on …
Local and international networks require information to be constantly updated in order to properly route communications. Routing protocols were developed in order to help keep information flowing to the proper locations and to maintain network connectivity on both LAN and WAN. The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is one of the most popular internal …
A fullerene is a third form of the carbon molecule that falls in between graphite and diamond. It was named for Richard Buckminster Fuller, who was well known for geodesic dome designs whose appearance closely resembled spherical fullerenes. A Fullerene’s carbon atoms may be arranged in a cylindrical, ellipsoid, or spherical form. The spherical fullerenes …
A profilometer is an instrument that measures a surface profile to determine its roughness. A surface’s vertical resolution is normally measured at the nanometer level, with lateral resolutions being measured to a less accurate degree. Over the past decade, profilometers have started using laser technology in order to improve the degree to which a surface …
Computer users who intend to own their computer for a prolonged period of time should be able to identify the computer’s motherboard in order to conduct upgrades. The motherboard type affects computer BIOS upgrades, new CPU installations, and determines the maximum amount of RAM that the motherboard supports. A computer’s motherboard can be identified in …
An IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) filter is a foundation element in Digital Signal Processing (DSP). It is one of two types of digital filters used in DSP applications and is an alternative to Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters. The response in IIRs is considered infinite since there is feedback in the filter and they may …