A membrane is a barrier that prevents entry of materials. Membranes can be permeable, which allows certain materials to go in and out of the barrier based on a variety of factors. Permeable Membrane in Biology In biology, a simple example of a permeable membrane is a cell wall. In both plant and animal cells, …
Electrotherapy is a medical technique in which an electric current is used to perform a wide variety of tasks associated with pain, neurological disorders, muscle-related conditions, and drug delivery. Electrotherapy includes a range of medical techniques, some of which are under much debate and criticism. While electrotherapy itself is an accepted form of medical treatment, …
A laser printer unlike an inkjet printer uses a laser light beam for printing operations. It is also distinct from other printers because of its exceptional printing speed as well as highly accurate rendering. It utilizes a xerographic (a process of creating an image by the action of light on a specifically coated charged plate) …
Intelligent transportation systems are projects that aim to integrate modern communication and information technology into existing transportation management systems in order to optimize vehicle life, fuel efficiency, safety, and traffic in urbanized cities. The need for intelligent transportation systems stems from the fact that traffic congestion has been increasing all around the world because of …
A plastic injection molding machine or injection press is a device that melts plastics and materials made from other polymers, and injects them into a mold. Plastic injection molding machines are most often used to recycle plastic, but are also the primary device responsible for producing plastic objects in the first place. They use a …
Parabolic mirrors are specially shaped in order to capture and focus energy onto a single point. They also distribute energy from a single point outwards. The mirrors are a specific paraboloid type that is rotated around its axis, and is also known as a circular paraboloid. Parabolic mirrors are also referred to as parabolic reflectors …
The Tyndall Effect refers to the reflection of light as it comes in contact with small particles in a translucent medium. It involves the scattering of light in different colors depending on how short or long a particular wavelength is. For example, the Tyndall Effect can describe the haze seen as light travels through a …
A pitot tube measures pressure levels in liquids. They are most commonly seen in laboratory settings but can be seen in industrial applications as small cylinders. While a pitot tube is not the only device that measures fluid pressure, it is capable of being implemented in much more diverse environments than similar devices. How Pitot …
The term stereoscopic vision refers to the human ability to view with both eyes in similar, but slightly different ways. This allows humans to judge distance, which develops their ability to have true depth perception. Historically, the human’s ability to view the world through stereoscopic sight has given him/her a significant advantage over entities and …
Anodizing/anodized aluminum refers to both a specific type of aluminum alloy as well as the process that is used to produce this alloy. The term “anodizing” is used to describe a technique for expanding the natural oxide layer of metals, especially aluminum. Anodizing changes the texture of aluminum by creating a much more porous surface …