The Waterfall model is one of the best known applications of the Systems Development Life Cycle model (or SDLC), commonly used in the information systems, software, and systems engineering fields.

The ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) framework is a collection of concepts for information technology systems and operations.

The term Inter-Process Communication (IPC) refers to a predefined library or set of interfaces that allow processes to communicate with each other. IPC gives the appearance of programs that run concurrently in an operating system’s background and allows computer users to conduct multiple tasks at once on a computer.

ETOM (Enhanced Telecom Operations Map) is the most widely used set of standards for the world communications market. The standard focuses on the latest TELECOM technologies such as Internet telephony, broadband, and DSL. It is regularly updated to keep up with Internet standards/specifications and hardware updates.

Value stream mapping is a popular manufacturing technique. It analyzes the flow of materials and information necessary to create a product or provide a service. The technique originated at the Toyota Corporation and is referred to as material and information flow mapping. It can be applied to any process that requires improvement.

All major credit card companies require businesses that process, store, or transmit credit card data to comply with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS). The PCI Security Standards Council sets the requirements that the stakeholders from all major corporations such as Visa, Mastercard, and Discover represent.

The Zachman Framework gives a formal and structured method for defining and looking at an Enterprise Architecture framework. It is a 2D classification matrix that uses six basic communication questions – Who, What, When Where, Why, and How. These are expressed as six rows in the architecture depiction using a reification transformation.

The keiretsu business system first hit the press in the United States during a series of trade disputes between the United States and Japan in the late 1980s to early 1990s. The system is a series of affiliated companies that work together to ensure the mutual success of each company.

Business Process Integration (BPI) refers to the act of connecting technology systems that were not designed for integration in order to transfer information between different technology resources within an organization. BPI helps coordinate traditionally “stove piped” applications. This can improve overall efficiency and reduce costs.

Data entry refers to someone transferring/transcribing information into a computer application such as a spreadsheet, word processor, or database.