The four dimensions are concepts in mathematics to describe different shapes. It is easy to understand a first dimension, second dimension and third dimension shape. All things are 3D in the world, but images can be 2D. A first dimension is as easy as a line. However, what is the fourth dimension? The fourth dimension …
Solid mechanics defines torsion as the twisting of an object as a result of applied torque. Torsional vibration can be broadly described as the angular vibration of any object. It can be defined specifically as the periodic motion corresponding to a shaft, where the shaft is twisted about its axis, alternating from one direction to …
Magnetic wire is a copper or aluminum wire that produces an electromagnetic field when wrapped into a coil and connected to a power supply. It is used in a number of applications and is a vital component in many different devices. Magnetic wire can be used in electrical to electrical, electrical to mechanical, and mechanical …
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is also referred to as energy in motion, or as the work required to take an object from being at rest to action/movement. Mathematically, kinetic energy is calculated as ½ of the mass of a body, multiplied by the speed of the body squared, KE=1/2 mv^2. Where …
A permanent magnet (ferromagnet) is a material that produces a magnetic field. Permanent magnets are made from ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, and are created when the material is placed inside of a magnetic field. When the magnetic field is removed, the object remains magnetized. Permanent magnets have a permanent magnetic field and do not …
True antigravity propulsion involves using a material or technological effect that counteracts the effects of gravity without using aerodynamic lift, electromagnetism, or some other balancing force. Likewise, antigravity does not refer to situations in which an object or person experiences lack of weight such as being in a pool, free fall, or high altitude orbit. …
Electromotive force is the electrical potential energy that causes current to flow through a circuit. It results from the difference in charge between two points in a material. This difference is created when an external source such as a battery makes electrons move to both points so that there is an excess at the first …
Humidity sensors (hygrometers) measure and report the air’s relative humidity. They are used in homes, wine cellars, and working environments that that are so humid that they negatively impact working conditions. Humidity sensors are also used in vehicles, industrial HVAC systems, and meteorological stations to help in the predicting and reporting of weather conditions. How …
A pitot tube measures pressure levels in liquids. They are most commonly seen in laboratory settings but can be seen in industrial applications as small cylinders. While a pitot tube is not the only device that measures fluid pressure, it is capable of being implemented in much more diverse environments than similar devices. How Pitot …
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is a measured difference in audio levels between the input audio signal’s harmonics and the harmonics of the output audio signal of an amplifier or other audio device. Output Distortion Level As the signal passes through an amplifier it is always somewhat distorted at its output. The waveform at the input …