Zyxel is a manufacturer of firewalls, switches, routers, and other devices that are used in wireless networking. Specifically, Zyxel routers can be found in both residential and commercial environments, causing it to be the most popular device that Zyxel sells. Zyxel routers are often equipped with dual antennas, WPA encryption, and up to four Ethernet …
An iFrame injection is a very common cross site scripting (or XSS) attack. It consists of one or more iFrame tags that have been inserted into a page or post’s content and typically downloads an executable program or conducts other actions that compromise the site visitors’ computers. In the best case, Google may label the …
Certificate Authority or Certification Authority (CA) is an entity, which is core to many PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) schemes, whose purpose is to issue digital certificates to use by other parties. It exemplifies a trusted third party. Some certification authorities may charge a fee for their service while some other CAs are free. It is …
A wordlist is a text file containing a collection of words for use in a dictionary attack. Wordlist Usage A dictionary attack using a wordlist relies on the fact that most users choose weak passwords. Very common passwords include password, computer, work, and most of the popular female names. Common Dictionary Attacks Using A Wordlist …
ISO 7816 is the internationally accepted standard for smart cards. ISO 7816 is a family of standards primarily dealing with aspects of smart card interoperability regarding communication characteristics, physical properties, and application identifiers of the implanted chip and data. The ISO 7816 family includes eleven parts which are in a constant state of flux as …
Western Digital (WD) Portable Hard Drives are capable of storing quite a bit of information. Modern Western Digital drives come with a firmware called “SmartWare,” which can be useful to some users. The SmartWare can provide backup solutions that may not be available with the operating system in use. WD hard drives with SmartWare also …
The HotBar add-on is an add-on program for Internet Explorer that personalizes email, as well as the functionality and visual appearance of browser applications. While performing the functions noted above, HotBar also makes multiple connections with “hotbar.com” and “reports.shopperreports.com”. Hotbar also monitors phrases the user enters into search engines and reports them to third parties …
Cisco routers are routers that Cisco, a leading provider in network devices, produces. Cisco has millions of customers worldwide and produces thousands of products, including routers, modems, and network storage devices that allow the user to connect to the Internet. Cisco also produces USB based Internet cards and distributes service plans that a wide variety …
There are many processes that run behind the scenes in Windows operating systems. One of these processes that may look suspicious is the SMSS.exe. This is an execution file with the full name Session Management Subsystem. The Session Manager Subsystem is responsible for starting a session. When this process begins, the system thread is responsible …
RSA, which stands for Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman, is a security algorithm used in digital cryptography. RSA differs from older symmetric algorithms because it has the ability of allowing digital signing as well as advanced encryption for online commerce systems and high-profile institutions. RSA was one of the first major advancements in digital cryptography but …