PKZip utilizes a proprietary stream cipher that is vulnerable to a known plaintext attack, as Eli Biham and Paul C. Kocher describes in A Known Plaintext Attack on the PKZIP Stream Cipher. In ZIP Attacks with Reduced Known-Plaintext, Michael Stay describes an improved known plaintext attack that works against files that non-PKZip zip programs such …
LSASS, or local security authority subsystem service, is a process that functions as part of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Essentially, LSASS is part of the process for maintaining and enforcing the security protocols on the operating system. To this end, LSASS performs several important functions to ensure that the system remains free from unauthorized …
Netscape Navigator stores usernames and passwords for web sites which you have logged in to. Password storage is configured in Netscape Navigator under <Edit>, <Preferences>, <Privacy and Security>, <Passwords>. By default, Netscape Navigator stores all passwords unencrypted. Viewing Netscape Navigator stored passwords The usernames and passwords are stored are part of the Netscape Navigator user …
PKI Authorities consists of three different authorities that essentially make up a PKI system. These are the Registration Authority, Certification Authority and Certificate Directory. Registration Authority The jobs of the Registration Authority are to processes user requests, confirm their identities, and induct them into the user database. Certification Authority The tasks of a Certification Authority …
Clearing previous Google searches is a straight forward process that can take about one minute to accomplish. It should be noted that unless you’re using the Google toolbar, erasing only the history of Google is impossible. However, since people typically only use one search engine predominately, erasing the search history will only affect Google. Erasing …
In the last few decades, computer science has changed the world. People now use computers to pay their bills, talk to their friends, and virtually everything else. Because of this dependence on computers, the vast majority of computer users have opened a portal into their homes that hackers and cyber thieves can use to steal …
A Smart Card is a plastic card the size of a credit card with an integrated circuit built into it. This integrated circuit may consist only of EEPROM in the case of a memory card, or it may also contain ROM, RAM and even a CPU. Most smart cards have been designed with the look …
Browser hijackers are malicious programs that redirect computer users to websites that the hacker wants and deploy the computer malware. The hijacker may change a computer’s default homepage or redirect computer users trying to visit legitimate websites such as their bank or Google to a maliciously crafted copy of the site to deploy computer malware …
The HotBar add-on is an add-on program for Internet Explorer that personalizes email, as well as the functionality and visual appearance of browser applications. While performing the functions noted above, HotBar also makes multiple connections with “hotbar.com” and “reports.shopperreports.com”. Hotbar also monitors phrases the user enters into search engines and reports them to third parties …
TM Net provides the Streamyx broadband Internet service in Malaysia. The service speeds range depending on the consumer’s location in the country and proximity to major network infrastructure; however, a large number of companies, schools, and individual consumers use the service for normal Internet use as well as to host websites and to stream video. …