Telephone switches route calls through the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network).
When you pick up the handset on your home telephone, you are initiating a connection with your local telephone switch. When you dial a telephone number, your phone switch interprets the digits you dial and determines where to route your call.
If your call is to another number in the same area, your local end-office switch will make the call itself. If your call is to another area, your local end-office switch will route your call to a toll-switch. That toll switch will then route your call either to another toll switch or to an end-office switch. When your call is finally routed to an end-office switch, the phone line of your called party will ring.
Telephone switches in use include:
| SWITCH | VENDOR | TYPE | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1AES | Lucent | Analog | No. 1A ESS |
| 1ES | Lucent | Analog | No. 1 ESS |
| 2BES | Lucent | Analog | No. 2B ESS |
| 2ES | Lucent | Analog | No. 2 ESS |
| 3ES | Lucent | Analog | No. 3 ESS |
| 3XB | Lucent | E/M | No. 3 Cross-Bar |
| 4ES | Lucent | Digital | No. 4 ESS |
| 5AXB | Lucent | E/M | No. 5A Cross-Bar |
| 5ES | Lucent | Digital | No. 5 ESS |
| 5ORM | Lucent | Digital | Optical Remote Module |
| 5RSM | Lucent | Digital | Remote Switching Module |
| 5XB | Lucent | E/M | No. 5 Cross-Bar |
| AXE10 | Ericsson | Digital | Stand Alone or Host |
| AXRSS | Ericsson | Digital | Remote |
| DGTL | Digital | Generic Digital Switch | |
| DMS1/200 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 100/200 Local Switching System |
| DMS10 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 10 Carrier Class Switching System |
| DMS100 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 100 Local Switching System |
| DMS200 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 200 Local Switching System |
| DMS250 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 250 Long Distance Tandem Switching System |
| DMS500 | Nortel | Digital | DMS 500 Local and Long Distance Switching System |
| DPN | Nortel | Packet | DPN Packet Switch |
| EDX | Siemens | Packet | Packet Switch |
| NC23 | NEC | E/M | NEC Cross-Bar |
| NEAX61E | NEC | Digital | NEC switch |
| RLCM | Nortel | Digital | Rmote Line Conc Module |
| RLCM-10 | Nortel | Digital | Remote Line Conc Module |
| RLM | Nortel | Digital | Remote Line Module |
| RSC | Nortel | Digital | Remote Switching Center |
| RSCI | Nortel | Digital | ISDN RSC |
| RSLE | Nortel | Digital | Remote Subscriber Line Equipment |
| RSM | Lucent | Digital | Remote Switching System |
| RSS | Lucent | Analog | Remote Switching System |
| RSU | Digital | Generic Remote Switching Unit | |
| SXS | Lucent | E/M | Step by Step |
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