The 802.11i wireless standard was released by the IEEE on June of 2004 and implements improved encryption for wireless networks than realized on past standards released. Commonly referred to as the WPA2 implementation, the 802.11i implementation requires newer encryption standards than seen with the WEP implementation by requiring TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) and AES …
MAC Address filtering is a technique that is implemented on many wireless networks to filter which devices are able to connect to the wireless network. MAC Address filtering allows an administrator to allow specific devices to connect to the network while blocking all other devices. MAC Address filtering is a free service provided by most …
CCMP (Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol) is the preferred encryption protocol in the 802.11i standard. CCMP Cryptography CCMP is based upon the CCM mode of the AES encryption algorithm. CCMP utilizes 128-bit keys, with a 48-bit initialization vector (IV) for replay detection. The Components of CCMP The Counter Mode (CM) …
Firewall protection works by blocking certain types of traffic between a source and a destination. All network traffic has a source, a destination, and a protocol. This protocol is usually TCP, UDP, or ICMP. If this protocol is TCP or UDP, there is a source port and a destination port. Most often the source port …
802.11a is one of the many standards used for high speed wireless networks, usually referred to as Wifi. This standard was created by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) in 1999 and uses several different frequencies including 5.15-5.35/5.47-5.725/5.725-5.875 GHz to send and receive data from one electronic or computer device to another. There …
Digital Subscriber Line or Digital Subscriber Loop (DSL) is a type of high-speed Internet technology that enables transmission of digital data via the wires of a telephone network. DSL does not interfere with the telephone line; the same line can be used for both Internet and regular telephone services. The download speed of DSL ranges …
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is used by network systems to convert system communications from the routable layer 3 IP protocol to the non-routable layer 2 data link layer protocols. In most cases, you don’t need to modify this behavior at all, and system communications are optimal. In special circumstances it is preferable to have another …
The presentation layer is one of seven layers of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnections) Model and is found between the application layer and the session layer. The presentation layer is commonly used for encryption and decryption as well as the conversion of file formats. The presentation layer is considered the last layer in which data …
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has allocated three IP address ranges that are to be exclusively used for private Internet networks: 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (10/8 prefix) 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 (172.16/12 prefix) 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix) The first block “10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255” is referred to as the 24-bit block, the second “172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255” …
A DHCP reservation is a permanent IP address assignment. It is a specific IP address within a DHCP scope that is permanently reserved for leased use to a specific DHCP client. Users can configure a DHCP reservation in their DHCP server when they need to reserve a permanent IP address assignment. Reservations are used for …